Projects
OPEN SOCIETY
封闭社会中，公民的基本权利受到严格限制。政府通过控制信息流动、限制言论自由和集会权利来维持统治。这种社会结构的特点是决策过程不透明，公民参与度低。教育和媒体被严格管控，以塑造符合统治者意愿的思想。法治缺失导致权力滥用成为可能，而社会流动性低下则固化了既有的阶级结构。国际交流受限，进一步加深了与外部世界的隔绝。 相比之下，开放社会展现出截然不同的特质。它认识到没有任何制度或理念是完美无缺的。因此，开放社会保持着自我反思和自我修正的能力，不断适应新的挑战和机遇。这种社会鼓励多元化的声音和批判性思维，创造了一个充满活力的公共讨论空间。
The Open Society and Its Enemies
"Has History Any Meaning?", discusses the role of theories in natural science, the limitations of historical theories, the worship of power, and the idea of theistic historicism. Popper highlights the difficulty of imposing higher values in education, and argues that history has no meaning and no ends, but we can give it meaning by imposing our ends upon it. Finally, he discusses the problem of nature and convention again, stating that ethical problems arise only in social situations.
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